The historical core of the town hall consists of a Gothic tower added on to Volflin's former house in c. 1364 when it became a new dominant feature of the square. On the east side the tower connects to the town hall chapel of the Virgin Mary and the Patrons of Bohemia, consecrated in 1381 and equipped with a grand bay opening towards the square. The chapel is one of the so-called Wenceslas' monuments, as shown by the heraldic symbols of Wenceslas IV decorating the interior – torses and kingfishers.

Palacký Square and its surroundings on the eastern bridgehead of the Palacký Bridge was one of the most affected areas from the accidental bombing by the 8th US Air Force on 14 February 1945. In his pictures of Palacký Bridge, Josef Sudek indirectly captured the square as well. He focused on the surroundings of the square in the large set of photographs of the nearby monastery Na Slovanech, known as Emmaus. In one picture, however, he captured the square itself with the ruined apartment building on the corner of Gorazdova and Na Moráni Streets (Na Moráni 3, no. 360/II).

A stone bridge with seven arches, originally called Podskalský and in 1940–1945 Mozart bridge, was built in 1876–1878 after the design by Bedřich Münzberger and Josef Reiter. On February 14, 1945, the last bridge arch on the side of New Town was hit during a USAAF air raid. At the same time two groups of sculptures with subjects from old Czech tales by the sculptor Josef Václav Myslbek – Lumír and the Song (1888) and Přemysl and Libuše (1982) – were damaged as well.Zdeněk Wirth – Josef Sudek, Pražský kalendář 1946. Kulturní ztráty Prahy 1939–1945, Nakladatelství V.

The building of National Museum, standing near the actual target - the Czech Radio, happened to be in the epicenter of the Prague Uprising as well. Luckily, the museum collections had been moved to the countryside but the building itself suffered a loss. The monumental Neo-Renaissance building by Josef Schulz from 1885–1890 was damaged by the Luftwaffe air bomb on 7 May in the morning.

In the evening on 5 May 1945, the commander of arms SS Carl Friedrich von Pückler-Burghaus issued an order to use the German air force against the Prague insurgents.See Michal Plavec – Filip Vojtášek, Bomby na Květnou neděli. Letecká válka nad Prahou a okolím v březnu až květnu 1945, Svět křídel, Cheb, 2012, pp. 281–293. It started the following day and one of the main targets was the radio building on Vinohradská Street, the area of Wenceslas Square, and the historical centre of the city on the right river bank.

During the Second World War, water reservoirs were built at public places in Prague to supply water in case of fire caused by air raid attacks. Zdeněk Wirth named a total of 67 reservoirs as well as 40 “basins” and other defense measures in Prague parks.Zdeněk Wirth – Josef Sudek, Pražský kalendář 1946. Kulturní ztráty Prahy 1939–1945, Nakladatelství V. Poláčka, Praha, 1945, unpaginated.

“Barricades! What heroism, what bravery, self-sacrifice and fraternal solidarity grew and was born on these unusual constructions!” Ladislav Matěj Pařízek, A lid povstal, Aventinum, Praha, 1945. Reference after: Tomáš Jakl, Barikády a bojiště Pražského povstání, Paseka, Praha, 2014, pp. 17, 19.

Originally built for the Ministry of Foreign Trade after a design by Josef Sakař in 1920–1922, the first floor of the building was encased in a massive wall during the Protectorate. Similar measures were applied to many buildings in Prague, for example the astronomical clock or around sculptures in the interior of St Vitus Cathedral. In the case of the ministry, the building was not protected for its architectural value but rather for the institution that resided in it.Zdeněk Wirth – Josef Sudek, Pražský kalendář 1946. Kulturní ztráty Prahy 1939–1945, Nakladatelství V.

The house At the Kindl'sThe name comes from the note on a photograph by Antonín Alexander from the Monument Board (Prague CIty Archives, Collection of Photographs, sign. A 17007). or the house At the Golden Vulture (or At the Vulture) on the plot between Celetná Street and Fruit Market Square is a building whose beginnings date back to the 13th century. The appearance of the building changed gradually over time.

The house At the White Peacock on Celetná Street near Old Town Square was heavily damaged as part of the targetted attacks on the square and its close vicinity during the May Uprising. The adjacent building At the Vulture (no. 563/I) was also damaged. Only the late Baroque facade, which came from the renovation of the building after 1750, remained from the house At the White Peacock. The house, most likely standing on the site of three medieval houses, was rebuilt again in 1949.RB [Růžena Baťková], čp. 557/I, in: Pavel Vlček a kol., Umělecké památky Prahy.